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preserve
Preserve 的意思較為狹窄,指的是「保持事物現狀,不使衰敗」,使東西完好無損保留下來收藏。
(1).長期保存食物。
(2).保護古蹟ˋ傳統等,使其不致遭受破壞或喪失。

聯想助記:

pre(在前面)+serve(保存)—預先保存起來(現在不用)以備後用。

例句:

The ship is equipped with special refrigerating devices to preserve food for the whole voyage.
(船上設有特殊冷藏設備,在整個航程中保存食物。)
It was proposed that the house be preserved as it had been when Lu Xun lived in it.
(人們建議把這房子按照魯迅當年居住時的原樣保護起來。)
It's amazing that the church is still well preserved.
(那教堂還能保存完好真是神奇。)
Before the invention of the refrigerator, salt was widely used to preserve food.
(電冰箱發明之前,食物很多都用鹽保存。)


conserve
Conserve不只是保存,還有「孕育」的意思,指通過有準備、有計劃的、明智的方法來保護事物處於安全;另指節儉、節省,防止不必要的浪費。
(1).保護大自然環境,包含水土ˋ野生動植物及其他天然資源。
(2).節約使用水電能源。

聯想助記:

con(共同)+serve(保存)—大家共同(想辦法)保護。

例句:
He is conserving his energy for the last twenty-meter dash.
(他正在為最後20米衝刺保存實力。)
We must conserve our forests if we are to make sure of a future supply of wood.
(如果我們想確保未來的木材供應,就必須保護森林。)
New laws have been made to conserve woodlands and wildlife in this area.
(新法律已制定來保育本區的林地及野生動物。)
They are drawing up a plan to conserve the country's natural resources (他們正擬定計劃,保護國家的天然資源。)
What is the government doing for the conservation of wildlife?
(政府在野生動植物保育上有什麼行動?)



ps.「環境保護」譯做 environmental conservation 和 environmental preservation 都可以。不過,兩字含義有點不同。有時你會看到 conservation of art works / ancient buildings / historic sites (保護藝術品/古老建築/古蹟)等說法,那 conservation 文法上可改為 preservation ,但 preservation 只是指保存的工作,沒有 conservation 「為後代保存」的意思。

參考來源:
http://newedubig5.jxnews.com.cn/system/2007/02/07/002426907_04.shtml
http://bbs.koolearn.com/t_3852426_0.html
http://blog.yam.com/yagamisince2006/article/9143365
http://www.eng.fju.edu.tw/etc/quiz/common%20files/R.htm

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